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已發行電子報 發行時間:2008-08-26
英語學習電子報第八十期e-Paper Monthly (南區)
◎英語學習電子報第八十期 English Learning e-Monthly No.◎
文藻外語學院 製作/發行
RSS 本期學習電子報讀閱人次:Counters
第80期│2008/08/29│訂閱看歷史報份

 

 
英語看世界 Air Pollution Still Troubles China Ahead of Olympics
英語放輕鬆 Why are fish so easy to weigh?
老外看台灣 Understanding each other
英語卡拉BAR Coldplay - Viva La Vida
初級英檢學習系列 Reading
1、
看e書寫e評拿一獎,近期將公佈比賽辦法!
2、
英譯中翻譯比賽,近期將公佈比賽辦法!
3、 英語歌唱比賽,近期將公佈比賽辦法!
4、 「LTTC 全民英檢 」97年施測日程表
5、
「多益口說與寫作測驗」公布
Air Pollution Still Troubles China Ahead of Olympics
 

By Stephanie Ho
Beijing

Download MP3 audio clip

Cars fill road in center of Beijing on smoggy day, 04 Aug 2008
Cars fill road in center of Beijing on smoggy day, 04 Aug 2008

  These days, people watch the skies above Beijing closely. Some days, especially after it rains, the skies are relatively clear.

  More often than not, though, a thick murky haze fills the air and makes it nearly impossible to see nearby buildings.

  What is causing Beijing's gray skies? Is it natural phenomena, or is it pollution?

  The city's notoriously polluted air is one of the biggest question marks hanging over the Olympic games, which begin August 8. China hopes the event will dazzle the world. Will smoggy skies overshadow the party?

  The Australian Olympic Committee's Peter Montgomery says the air pollution concerns him and his team.

  "For us, the athletes' attitude to the event is paramount," he said. If they don't want to compete, fine. They will be absolutely under no pressure to compete if they feel uneasy or do not want to compete."

  Some Olympic delegations, including the U.S. Olympic Committee, are making protective masks available to their athletes.

  Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau spokesman Du Shaozhong says his office has worked "very hard" to ensure the air quality.

  Du says there is no need to wear a face mask when participating in the games. He says if the athletes insist on doing so, it will only end up an extra item in their luggage and make their luggage heavier.

  Some of Beijing's more drastic pollution control measures include pulling half the city's more than three million cars off the roads and halting most construction.

  Authorities also have shut polluting factories in and around the city.

  Despite these restrictions, the Beijing air continues to be a soupy mix of harmful chemicals, particulate matter and water vapor.

  The environmental group Greenpeace praises Beijing for making some improvements, but urges China to make long term policy decisions to deal with issues like air pollution. Lo Sze Ping is with Greenpeace.

  "Greenpeace believes that with the current performance of air quality in Beijing, the IOC, the Beijing Olympic Organization Committee, and also sports teams from various countries, have reason to be concerned with situation," he said.

  Chinese officials acknowledge the air quality is sometimes not always as good as it should be, and warn that at times, it is "unhealthy for sensitive groups." For the Olympics, though, they unswervingly promise to provide "good quality air" that they say "will not effect the health of the athletes."

  The Chinese government says it will impose even stricter pollution controls if the air quality fails to meet approved standards, once the games begin.

  China has been having more success in taming nature in the coastal city of Qingdao, where algae blooms have threatened the Olympic sailing venue. Many experts say the blue-green seaweed is caused by severe pollution from industrial sources, farm chemicals and domestic sewage.

  Zang Aimin is with the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee.

  Zang says the workers have one important goal - to guarantee that 50 square kilometers of ocean is cleared for training and competition.

  The algae blossomed in the waters around Qingdao in June. Hundreds of boats and thousands of people have been mobilized to clean it up. The Olympic sailing events are due to start August 9.

(from Voice of America)


Vocabulary:
  1. pollution (n)—污染;污染物 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  2. haze (n)—薄霧 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  3. phenomena (n)—現象 (phenomenon的複數) 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  4. notoriously (adv.)—惡名昭彰地,聲名狼藉地 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  5. dazzle (v)—使驚羨,使讚歎不已 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  6. overshadow (v)—給...投上陰影;遮暗 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  7. concern (v)—使擔心;使不安 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  8. delegation (n)—代表;代表團 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  9. municipal (adj.)—市的;市政的;市立的,市辦的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  10. drastic (adj.)—激烈的,猛烈的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  11. construction (n)—建造,建設 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  12. particulate (a)—微粒的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  13. restriction (n)—限制;約束 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  14. environmental (adj.)—環境的;有關環境(保護)的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  15. urge (v) —催促;力勸;極力主張 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  16. sewage (n)—污水 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  17. algae (n)—水藻,海藻(alga的複數) 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
Tongue Twisters 英語繞口令

I thought a thought.

I saw a saw saw a saw.

I thought I saw a saw saw a saw.

What a thought I thought!

(*I saw a saw saw a saw: 我看見一把鋸子鋸句子!
saw: (1) see 的過去式,(2) 鋸子 ,(3) 格言、諺語。)

正常版 加快版

 
Brain Twisters 腦筋急轉彎
Do you know the answer?
Why are fish so easy to weigh?
(為什麼魚很容易秤出重量?)
 
Why are fish so easy to weigh?
 
請作答!!
》》正確答案《《
(在本期電子報最下方)
Understanding each other

作者:Timothy Henry Bullins 老師
學歷:M.A. of Gaylord College of Journalism,
    University of Oklahoma

  

  Some people say that we cannot learn a language without learning the culture while others say learning about the culture is not so important. I think this is very complicated. Sometimes I think we do not need to spend so much time on trying to learn about the culture of the language we are learning, but then again, sometimes I think it is important.

  Living in Taiwan has taught me many things about the culture here but there are still many things I do not understand and maybe never will be able to understand.

  Once I visited a tourist attraction – maybe it was a Confucius temple – in Tainan. I was there alone and decided to take some pictures to share with my family and friends back in the United States. While I was walking around taking pictures a slightly older gentleman came up to me and told me that I was being disrespectful. Of course, I had not seen any signs posted against taking photographs, but since he was Taiwanese, I assumed he knew what he was talking about and I put away my camera. A couple of years later, I went with a group of friends to a very large temple near Nantou. While we were there, I was taking photographs again but this time just of the outside area and I was very careful not to take any in the building. One of my friends told me he wanted to take a picture so I let him use my camera. He went to a temple, which was surrounded by people and started taking photographs of the people as well as the inside of the building. I did not remember this incident, which happened in Tainan while we were in Nantou so I never asked my friend why it was all right to take pictures at one temple but not another one. Maybe after I finish writing this I will call one of my Taiwanese friends and ask about this. Regardless of the answer, I think these incidents show

that knowing about a culture is important, but then again this was not so much about language learning as it was about living in another country. Would I need to know about this if I was studying Mandarin in the United States and not living in Taiwan? I do not think so. I think learning about the culture of the people who are native speakers of the language you are learning is interesting but probably not necessary. Actually, I think as the world becomes more connected by the Internet and people traveling to other countries, it is more difficult to define a country’s culture.

  I have read many books about the culture in Taiwan yet sometimes when I ask my friends or students about something in the books they will look at me in shock. They tell me they never heard about this or do not know anything about it. Of course, some of these books are written by Taiwanese but then some of them are written by foreigners. I think the problem might be that cultures change and some people do not like it or maybe they are just not aware of what is happening. Many times academicians and researchers spend so much time doing their research that they lose touch with ordinary people.

  An example of changing culture seems to be the Lunar New Year holiday in Taiwan. I have read that this is the most important holiday in Taiwan and it is a time for families to get together. Every New Year, I travel to Chungli to be with my best friend and his family. I always have a good time and I think it is great for families to get together. But we are only there for one day. We have a very large lunch or dinner then everyone rushes back to their own homes. Maybe my friend’s family is less traditional than other families but other friends also seem to do this. They rush home for a large meal then immediately go out with friends. They do not seem to spend so much time with their families.

  Observing a culture from the outside and not being a part of it also leads to misunderstanding it. One tradition that most foreigners do not seem to understand very well is burning ghost money. Religious differences like this are very difficult to explain or understand. People can give someone a reason for a religious act but this is different from any feelings associated with the act. I guess the best example is about people going to church or a temple. A Taiwanese person going to a temple, I assume, has some deep feelings associated with this but a foreigner generally just sees it as another pretty building. A foreigner, who was raised as a Christian and attended church as a child, has very emotional feelings when he goes into a church.

  All in all, I think truly understanding cultural differences can take a lifetime and is not absolutely necessary to learning a language. But respecting cultural differences is easy and something everyone should try to do.

 


Vocabulary:
  1. complicated (a.): 複雜難懂的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  2. tourist attraction (n.): 旅遊勝地 線上字典 英漢字典
  3. Confucius temple (n.): 孔廟 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  4. assume (v.): 假定 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  5. incident (n.): 事件 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  6. academician (n.): 學術人士 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典

【了解彼此】
-本文大意-

  學習語言是否也需學習當地文化,我認為這不是個容易回答的問題。在台灣生活讓我學到不少當地文化,但是仍有許多我尚未了解,或者永遠無法了解的事。

  就拿我獨自遊台南孔廟,或和友人同遊南投寺廟的經歷為例。在廟宇建築物內拍照是否對神明不敬的事件,讓我體認到認識當地文化是重要的,但對學習該語言而言,或許就不是那麼必要。事實上,這世界各角落已因網路和遊客變得更加緊密,因此若要定義一個國家的文化變得更不容易。

  有時我會請教朋友或學生我從書上學到的台灣文化,但他們不是用驚訝的眼神看我,就是向我表示不知情。我想這可能是因為文化已變遷,或者是因為某些人不喜歡該文化,也或許是因為他們根本就不曉得有該文化。這都是因為專家或學術人士常花太多時間在研究上,失去和民眾接觸機會的結果。台灣農曆新年假期就是一個文化變遷的例子;每個人趕回家似乎都只為了和家人吃頓豐盛的午餐或晚餐,之後又再立即和朋友外出,和家人相處的時間並不多 ─ 這和我從書中學到的,農曆新年是家人團聚的重要節日,並不相同。

  從旁觀者角度認識一個文化,並未置身其中,也會導致對該文化的誤解。燒金紙便是一個多半外國人不太了解的傳統;因為像這一類的宗教差異,並不容易解釋或理解它。雖然人們可以針對這類宗教行為提出一個原因解釋,但它還是無法詮釋置身其中的信徒們的真正感受。

   總之,要真正了解各文化間的差異得花上一輩子時間,且它並不是學習一種語言必要的方法。但是尊重文化差異是件簡單且每個人都應試著去做的事。

Coldplay - Viva La Vida
歌詞 Lyrics
線上試聽:You Tube
玩酷人生Viva La Vida

  酷玩樂團(Coldplay) 的Chris Martin是樂團主唱,也是該團創作的重心。撇開他略受爭議的音樂風格不談,Chris Martin的筆下歌詞往往能和世界貼近,帶點針貶諷刺的政治味道;酷玩樂團最新專輯中的同名歌曲Viva la Vida(生命萬歲),歌詞充滿西方中古世紀的歷史想像,藉古諷今,頗堪玩味。

來源:EMI

 
在激昂的弦樂開場後,Chris Martin隨著鼓點唱出主角蒙太奇似的人生回顧:

I used to rule the world
昔日天下 唯吾稱王
Seas would rise when I gave the word
海潮起伏 全從吾令

 
當年之勇,豈只如此
I used to roll the dice
骨骰一擲 天下命定
Feel the fear in my enemies eyes
仇敵驚懼 吾心大悅
Listen as the crowd would sing:
萬民歡頌 如雷灌耳
"Now the old king is dead! Long live the king!"
「故主己逝 新王萬歲」
 
無奈日換星移,人事全非;昨日帝王,今日僅得一床之地,行走舊屬街廓之上,只能徒呼負負而已。

Now in the morning I sleep alone
而今清晨 只得獨眠
Sweep the streets I used to own
故街巡禮 已非吾屬

 
撫今憶昔,方才驚覺自己的一生也不過是灘上沙堡,潮起潮落,樓起樓塌,看似偶然,卻是必然。
One minute I held the key
曾是手握 世界權鑰
Next the walls were closed on me
轉瞬卻是 身陷囹圄
And I discovered that my castles stand
吾方驚覺 王城基淺
Upon pillars of salt, and pillars of sand
砂樑鹽柱 大局難撐
 
複歌部份大量運用西方中世紀十字軍東征的戰爭及宗教元素,歌聲中伴隨著遠方教堂的鐘聲,彷彿聖城收復在望,羅馬大軍的昔日榮光亦將再現,
I hear Jerusalem bells are ringing
耶路撒冷 鐘聲響起
Roman Cavalry choirs are singing
羅馬騎兵 戰歌振天
 
雖有勝利的夢想,身為君王,實有揮之不去的隱憂,惟恐禍起蕭牆,所以只能企盼自己心如明鏡,
Be my mirror my sword and shield
吾劍吾盾 為吾明鑑
My missionaries in a foreign field
吾教之使 為吾明鑑
 
可是世道不寧,王者難為;雖有心勵治,但事與願為,
For some reason I can’t explain
為何緣由 吾難明辯
Once you go there was never, never an honest word
汝等去國 諍言難得
That was when I ruled the world
其時其景 即是吾治
 
終於,王道日衰,奸邪四起,眼見己是楚歌四面,
It was the wicked and wild wind
邪佞之風 狂吹不止
Blew down the doors to let me in.
折閂破門 引吾至此
Shattered windows and the sound of drums

People could not believe what I'd become
吾之丕變 萬民難信
Revolutionaries wait
革命狂徒 一心企盼
For my head on a silver plate
斬吾首級 置上銀盤
 
眼見此時此景,王者引用聖伯多祿曾三次謊稱不識耶穌基督的聖經典故,自嘆為王者終遭背叛的宿命,
I know Saint Peter won't call my name
聖伯多祿 亦叛吾名
Never an honest word
世風日下 誠信不再
 
從不可一世的君王,最後卻自比傀儡,不堪造化作弄,只能大嘆
Just a puppet on a lonely string
吾似傀儡 身懸單絲
Oh who would ever want to be king?
嗚呼吾等 誰願稱王
 
這張專輯的封面採用十九世紀法國畫家德拉克瓦(Eugene Delacroix)的名畫La Liberte guidant le peuple (Liberty Leading the Peopl, 自由女神帶領人民) 為背景。原畫意在歌頌一八三0年的法國民眾推翻法王查理十世的七月革命,畫中景像象徵自由民權的勝利;對照起這首以白色書寫Viva la Vida歌名於畫上的同名歌曲,歌中君王的自憐自艾聽來自是荒謬,更再次突顯稱王野心的虛妄可笑。無巧不巧,專輯發行的前後,與我們關係密切的兩位國家領袖,一位已然下台,另位則即將下台,Coldplay自是無法預知遠在東方島嶼上的政治現實,可是遙指大西洋彼端白色宮殿的食指卻是隱然可見。
 
附錄歌詞下載
▲TOP
Getting English Promptly & Tactfully
Reading

  Seven to eight kinds of mammoths existed throughout the world, and the best-known was the mammoth with hairy coat living in the __1__ Ice Age. Since they were covered __2__ hairy coats, they were called wooly mammoths. An overall hairy appearance, high forehead, upcurved tusks and molars in greater number were the major features of the wooly mammoths.

  Mammoths first appeared about 4 million years __3__ in Africa, and they gradually moved to Europe and Asia. Around 1.8 million years ago, they __4__ the Bering Sea to North America. During the __5__ Pleistocene Epoch (about 100 thousand to 10 thousand years ago), the Asian elephant, the African elephant, and the mammoth co-existed, but the mammoth __6__ mysteriously towards the end of the last Ice Age (12 thousand to 9 thousand years ago).

(Adapted from http://formosa.ntm.gov.tw/mammoth/english.html)


小試身手

  1. (A) freeze (B) freezing (C) frozen (D) freezer
  2. (A) by (B) in (C) with (D) of
  3. (A) ago (B) before (C) past (D) aback
  4. (A) across (B) cross (C) crossing (D) crossed
  5. (A) last (B) latest (C) late (D) lately
  6. (A) appeared (B) disappeared (C) reappeared (D) unapparent


Vocabulary:

  1. mammoth n. 長毛象 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  2. exist v. 存在、生存 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  3. co-exist v. 同時生存 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  4. hairy adj. 多毛髮的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  5. the Ice Age n. 冰河時期 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  6. forehead n. 額頭 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  7. upcurved adj. 向上彎曲的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  8. tusk n. 長牙 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  9. molar n. 臼齒 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  10. major adj. 主要的 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  11. feature n. 特徵 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  12. appear v. 出現 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  13. gradually adv. 逐漸地 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  14. the Bering Sea n. 白令海 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
  15. the Pleistocene Epoch 更新世 線上字典 英漢字典
  16. mysteriously adv. 神秘地 線上字典 英漢字典 英英字典
》》正確答案《《
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. (B)

腦筋急轉彎答案:They come with their own scales. (魚本身帶著秤!當然不是!而是魚有魚鱗)

*scale: 有好幾層的意思,可以解釋為尺、秤、刻度、比例、稅率、音階、等級

 
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